Operations may conduct pigging on a regular basis to clean solids, scale, wax buildup paraffin, and other debris from the pipe wall to keep the pipeline flow efficiency high. It acts as a basic prerequisite and foundation to introduction to pipeline pigging operations management. Pigging refers to the practice of using devices known as pigs to perform various maintenance operations such as cleaning and inspecting on a pipeline which. Appropriate parts must be kept made available at all facilities. Request pdf advances and future challenges of wax removal in pipeline pigging operations on crude oil transportation system wax deposition is a severe flow assurance challenge that threatens. Pdf while buildup in a pipeline can cause transmittal slows or even plugging of the pipeline, cracks or flaws in the line can be disastrous. Often, pigs may bypass and leave as much 25% of the product in the pipe after a displacement run. Pdf 82677019pipelinepigginghandbook taufan muhammad. The incident resulted in one fatality and caused the hospitalization of two individuals. To properly pig a pipeline and to ensure safe operation, you need the services of a seasoned pipeline pigging contractor. Setup of the pigging operation town gas flows from pigging station to the submarine gas pipeline as shown by arrows under normal situation, pig launcher and pig receiver are isolated from the town gas transmission system isolation valve isolation valve isolation valve.
Even as recently as yesterday we saw pigging accidents in the pipeline cleaning business. Most pipeline gels are waterbased, but a range of chemicals. The smarttrack tm twoway communication system enables pipeline operators to improve the safety of pigging operations by providing realtime monitoring of pigs and tools within the pipeline. By using the haake safety valve interlocks you can be sure the correct sequence of operating procedures will always be. The design of these pig traps will depend on the type of pig to be run and pipeline design conditions. It includes examples of various pig set ups and the pig preparations required prior to running in a pipeline.
Pigs and spheres are forced through the pipeline by the pressure of the flowing fluid. This type of pigging may be necessary in order to facilitate a specific field layout or concept. The pig trap is similar to an air lock or a torpedo launch tube. The inclusion of a simple gauge plate, made of a soft metal generally aluminium, on batching pigs provides the function. Pigging pipeline procedures pipeline pigs drinkwater. Pipeline pigging plays an important part of any operators flow assurance and pipeline integrity management strategy. Pipeline pigging an innovative concept in pipe cleaning. This is done without stopping the flow of the product in the pipeline. Ppt pipeline pigging powerpoint presentation free to. All the papers are derived from conferences held in aberdeen in 1988 and 1990, and houston in 1989, 1990, and 1991. Sections take up the reasons to pig a pipeline, regulations, operations, technique and equipment, the assessment of results, and research. On june 25th, 2012, an incident occurred at a bp america production company bpapc facility. The purpose of pigging 4 cleaning pigging is an integral part of pipeline construction. Pipeline pigging technology download ebook pdf, epub, tuebl.
Revelle oversees the inspection and condition assessment of pipelines, process piping and fired heaters for quest integrity in north and south. The pipeline pigging handbook represents the accumulated knowledge and experience of the authors, which spans a period of more than 30 years in the industry. Each procedure developed must include the following specific requirements. Complex subsea to subsea pigging operations of pipelines. This third edition contains the very latest information about the rapidly changing products and services now available. Pipeline pigs and spheres are used for a variety of purposes in both liquids and natural gas pipelines. The pig may be used to scrape off deposits wax, parafins from the inside of the pipeline, or to push liquids through a multiphase pipeline. Each operator shall prepare and follow for each pipeline, a manual of written procedures for conducting operations and maintenance activities and for emergency response. Most pipeline gels are water based, but a range of chemicals, solvents, and even acids can be gelled. Pipeline pigging and its operation posted by akki on 8.
Mexico public regulation commission, pipeline safety bureau, adopted pursuant to the pipeline safety act 70310 to 70320 nmsa 1978, 1995 repl. A guide for maintenance pigging and preparation for smart pig inspection velocity control of pigs in gas pipelines enhanced cleaning is cost effective operational safety in pigging simulating pipeline pigging operations why pigs get stuck, and how to avoid it 2. Nonpiggable pipelines the history of pipeline pigging is interesting and it is reported that the first pigging operation took place in the year of 1870. Documents and settings reauxglocal settingstemporary internet filescontent. In addition to general cleaning, naturalgas pipelines use pigs to manage liquid accumulation and keep the pipe free of liquids. Available methodologies concerning the treatment and removal of. Safe operation on pig launchers receivers the use of pig launcher and receiver stations for pipeline cleaning, inspecting and maintenance is a method seen world wide. Safe cleaning of pipelines with pig scrapers and valve. Written procedures for conducting operations and maintenance activities and for emergency response. Pipeline design for pigging 6 driving a pig big difference between pigging natural gas and liquid lines pigs go with the flow in liquid lines for gas lines, the front cup seal off flow and differential pressure drives the pig for a 24 inch pig, a differential pressure from the front of the pig to. Usually, the first application is when the contractor runs a cleaning pig to clean short sections of pipe to remove dirt and other construction debris that may be inside the pipe as the pipeline is being assembled. Attached is a safety advisory regarding the hazards associated with pipeline pigging activities. The ability to pig a pipeline for cleaning, maintenance, and inline inspection ili is essential to integrity assurance.
Frank gielissen, netherlocks safety systems bv safe operation on pig launchersreceivers the use of pig launcher and receiver stations for pipeline cleaning, inspecting and maintenance is a method seen world wide. Gel pigs are a series of gelled liquid systems which have been developed for use in pipeline operations, either during initial commissioning, or as a part of a continuing maintenance program. A pig usually consists of a steel body with rubber or plastic cups attached to seal. Much of the gas that is vented can be recovered by. And in the process of pipeline pigging operations may also cause the pipe is worn, or even cause pipeline rupture accident. Ensuring the operator in charge of the pigging operation has a full. Paraffin removal corrosion inhibition pipeline suspension background two workers were attempting to remove a pig from a line that was launched the previous day. This online course gives introduction to pipeline pigging operations management.
For more information on bc one call, visit the bc one call. All valves leading to the pig launcher were closedisolated, and the pig launcher was. Must be prepared before operations of a pipeline system commence. If you have questions concerning this initiative, please call karen duckworth at 403 2993669. Pipe pigs are used for a range of purposes, including natural gas and liquid pipelines. Continue to close the main line valve until the pig leaves the trap into the main line as indicated by the pig signaler. Overview this process involves implementing pigging.
Product manufacturers and distributors often use pipelines in the process, and pipeline pigging can ensure that the lines run smoothly. Reasons for pigging pigging of a pipeline is required at various stages of a pipelines life for a variety of reasons. Pigging must be done by competent or experienced pipeline pigging contractors or professionals to mitigate the inherent safety risks. These pigs are well established tools in the daytoday operation of pipeline systems. Pipeline pigging is a concept in pipeline maintenance that involves the use of devices known as pigs, which clean pipelines and are capable of checking pipeline condition. Capturing, recording geometric information relating to pipeline, etc. For those not familliar with pipeline operations, pigging is the practice of inserting a device the pig into a flowing pipeline that will run through the pipeline. Jul 18, 2017 introduction to pipeline pigging operations management. A free powerpoint ppt presentation displayed as a flash slide show on id. Uegn sg306b pipeline pigging in gas transmission pipeline date this document was generated. These are basically a series of gelled liquid systems, developed to be used in pipeline operations as mechanical pigs. Open to injury stay out of the pigs line of fire quite a few accidents have been reported over the years during pigging operations.
Cleaning or utility pigs, when run onstream, will have the speed of the pig dictated by the product. Recover gas from pipeline pigging operations contd present on site. Reducing emissions, increasing efficiency, maximizing profits page 5 pigging applications pipeline pigs come in a variety of shapes and sizes for different applications cleaning pigs have brushes or blades to help remove debris sealing pigs make tight seal for removing liquids from the pipe. Intelligent pigging operations for inspection of the pipelines. Provisions in the station design should include handling equipment for pigs 20 and larger. Whenever possible, this pigging is done onstream i. Structural changes by section are highlighted below. Apply to operations associate, pharmacy technician intern, solution specialist and more. Procedures for pigging operations pipeline transport visual cortex. This is a focused 2 day course that provides detailed lectures on pig types, pigging operations, inline inspection ili technologies and inspection data. Most pigging operations such as batching, cleaning and liquid removal in gas pipelines are done at normal operating velocities with the regular flow of the product.
Control procedures 3 fully depressurise and vent the receiver before opening the door. Caution should be taken for liquid spillage from the pig traps. Which system is the most suitable one to determine the integrity of a. Pipeline pigging incident dave shepherd aug, 2005 what is a pipeline pig. Overview of the design, construction, and operation of interstate. The pigged liquids are separated from the gas ahead of the processing plant compressors, stored temporarily at gathering system pressure, and then sent to a low pressure storage tank. Click download or read online button to get pipeline pigging technology book now. If for some reason there is a miter bend in the line, you should contact your pig supplier and give them the dimensions of the miter bend so they can determine if your pig will pass through the miter bend.
Oil and gas pipeline design, maintenance and repair. Thus, the safe operation of valves must be guaranteed. The liquids, recovered at pipeline pressure, flash and vent light hydrocarbon gases from the storage tanks. Pipeline pigging operations posted in safety and chemical processing incidents. If a smart pig inspection detects an anomaly, pipeline operators may decide to conduct an integrity dig, which involves excavating a section of buried pipeline. Pipeline pigging operations safety and chemical processing. Open to injury stay out of the pig s line of fire quite a few accidents have been reported over the years during pigging operations. The main benefit of this type of maintenance is that is can be carried out without interrupting the process in operation. Recover gas from pipeline pigging operations pdf epa. These operations include but are not limited to cleaning and inspecting the pipeline. Integrity digs give pipeline operators an upclose view of the pipeline to determine if a pipeline repair or replacement is required.
The board expects that this advisory be given wide circulation to personnel involved in maintenance and pipeline operations within your organization. Safe pipeline pigging procedures pipeline pig faqs, use and results pipeline pigging is a method used all around the us and the rest of the world as an effective method of cleaning, inspecting and maintaining industrial pipes. The overview of pipeline design, installation, and operation provided in the following sections is only a cursory. For transmission lines, the manual must also include procedures for handling abnormal operations. Pipeline pigging and integrity technology tiratsoo, john. An introduction to pipeline pigging by robert davidson. This site is like a library, use search box in the widget to get ebook that you want.
The pipeline is normally segmented into sections, and a pig trap is fitted at the start and end of each section. During the first two years of operations, it was noticed that the flow began to decrease and the pumping pressure. Paraffin removal corrosion inhibition pipeline suspension background two workers were attempting to remove a pig. The customer feedback that we receive regarding the cd42 system is exceptionally positive. Operational pigging water pipelines apache pipeline products. Introduction to pipeline pigging operations management. The purpose of this alert is to share lessons learned in an effort to protect workers and to prevent similar incidents in the future. Vapor recovery compressor sizing is affected by the variance of pigging operations. Not only does the smarttrack system accurately track, position, and identify pigs and tools in thickwall buried or subsea pipes, it can also be used to.
These are summarised below in an example of an oil production pipeline. Also known as a swabbing pig, the batching pig is designed to act as a simple barrier between dissimilar fluids or to provide a sweep of a line. How to pig a pipeline gas pipeline pigging procedure nigen. Presentation written procedures for conducting operations and maintenance activities and for emergency response. Advances and future challenges of wax removal in pipeline. Pipeline pigging handbook jim cordell, hershel vanzant. The main benefit of this type of maintenance is that is can be carried out. Apr 23, 2004 pipeline pigging operations posted in safety and chemical processing incidents. Pigging pipeline processes vary depending on the type of product carried in the pipeline, and the size and materials of which it is constituted.
Developing a maintenancepigging program pigging unpiggable pipelines. This is because colder temperatures result in more condensation at constant pressure. Uegnsg306b pipeline pigging in gas transmission pipeline. Pigging operations oce7 respiratory protective equipment 3 see cleaning and housekeeping section below if this is done on site. In pipeline transportation, pigging is the practice of using pipeline inspection gauges, devices generally referred do as pigs or scrapers to perform various maintenance operations.
Used to clean or inspect pipelines that are in service. Pipeline owners and operators also use pigs to protect their product purity, remove unwanted materials and items from their line, prepare for precommissioning and inspection testing, and confirm pipeline defects. Therefore, if a reasonable pipeline pigging cycle will be determined, the security, economic, social impact and other factors must be considered. On september 30, 2000, an incident during a pigging operation that caused serious. But a lack of launchers and receivers the equipment that allow pigs, spheres, and ili tools often referred to as smart pigs to enter and exit the pipeline while product flow continues makes pigging impossible. Pipeline pigging technology john tiratsoo download. Routine pigging of pipelines is implemented to maximise operational throughput, ensure continuous operation and remove debris or deposits liquid or solid that may restrict flow or induce corrosion growth. After the pig leaves the trap and enters the main line, fully open the main line valve. Demonstration of pipe and pipeline integrity by means of. The gel pigs can either work in conjunction with the mechanical pigs for better performance or can be pumped into any pipeline capable of accepting liquids. Operating procedures will vary from one pipeline company to another.
Procedures for pigging operations free download as word doc. After 100 miles, a plug about 1,450 ft long would form. Gel pigs are a series of gelled liquid systems which have been developed for use in pipeline operations, either during initial commissioning, or as a part of a. Precommissioning when new pipelines are built, they generally need to be cleaned of construction debris and prepared for hydrostatic testing. Appropriate parts must be kept made available at all facilities where. Pigging is a vital component of ongoing pipeline maintenance and operation, but its value extends far beyond those roles. Operations and maintenance guidance phmsa pipeline and. D352386x012 using pipelinestudio to simulate pigging. Operational cleaning pigging typical wax removal using the. Physical separation between different liquids being transported in a pipeline. For this reason, pipelines are operated to very definite pigging programmes. How pig launcher are used in pipelines to clean the pipes which are corroded, scale, muddy by flow to crude oil or gas from the pipe line over the period of time in the piping system. The pigging operation involves the cleaning, inspection and integrity check such as checking of gas pipes wall thickness of the submarine gas pipelines.